kyō made mo kozue wa fuyu no iro nagara kozo ni wa kawaru yuki no shitagusa
Until today The treetops winter’s Hues did hold, but With the change to the year before Grasses grow up ‘neath the snow.
Lord Yasusue 173
Right
くれはどりあやにながめのなりゆくかみどりの空にあそぶいとゆふ
kurehadori aya ni nagame no nariyuku ka midori no sora ni asobu itoyū
A chequered Pattern–when I gaze out how strange It becomes: In the verdant skies Sports heat haze…
The Minister of the Centre 174
Although it sounds a bit difficult to grasp the sense of the Left’s ‘grasses ‘neath the snow with the change to the year before’, there’s nothing wrong with composing about grasses growing beneath fallen snow, so the configuration is pleasant. The Right’s poem, too, has no faults to mention, so this round, too, should tie.
The moon in winter—the late Major Counsellor[i] had me compose it one year, as a poem for Kitano.[ii]
秋の色にみだれし露の影よりも枯野の霜にすめるよの月
aki no iro ni midareshi tsuyu no kage yori mo kareno no shimo ni sumeru yo no tsuki
The hues of autumn, Confused within the dewdrops Are bettered by A withered, frosty field, where rests The moon upon a night so clear.[iii]
[i] Her husband, Minamoto no Michitomo 源通具 (1171-1227).
[ii] Probably meaning she composed this for a poetry match or meet which was due to be held at the Kitano Tenmangū 北野天満宮 shrine in the north of the capital.
[iii] See: The cold, clear moon above the grasses. はなにおく露にやどりし影よりもかれのの月はあはれなりけり hana ni oku / tsuyu ni yadorishi / kage yori mo / kareno no tsuki wa / aware narikeri ‘Fallen on the flowers / The lodging dewdrops / Sight is bettered by / The moon above a withered field: / ‘Tis more moving by far.’ Saigyō (Gyokuyōshū VI: 903)
[i] A similar poem to this is included in Nakatsukasa’s personal collection, Nakatsukasa-shū (118): かきほなるやまとなでしこいろふかきけふやこふこふ人をまたまし kakio naru / yamato nadeshiko / iro fukaki / kyō ya kou / hito o matamashi ‘By the lattice fence / The Yamato pinks’ / Hues are so deep, that / I wonder for today and one to love them / Have they awaited?’
[ii] Some texts of this match have an alternate wording for this poem: みなそこにかげさへみゆるなでしこのなみのはなをやいろにそむらむ minasoko ni / kage sae miyuru / nadeshiko no / nami no hana o ya / iro ni somuramu ‘Upon the very riverbed / Their shapes do appear— / Do the pinks / Even the spray from off the waves / Dye with their hues, I wonder?’
The only surviving poem from this match[i] occurs in the personal collection of Fujiwara no Takamitsu 藤原高光 (939-?), Takamitsu-shū (11), with the headnote, ‘From a scarlet plum blossom match.’
うぐひすのすをくひそむるむめの花いろもにほひもをしくも有るかな
uguisu no su o kuisomuru mume no hana iro mo nioi mo oshiku mo aru kana
The warbler has His nest begun to weave Among the plum blossom; Their hues and glow, both, How he must regret!
1
While scarlet plum (kōbai 紅梅) is used as a topic for acrostics in Uda’in uta’awase (905), there are no other examples of it being used in any other poetry match, nor are there any other examples of ‘scarlet plum matches’ (kōbai awase 紅梅合) recorded. Given what we know of the details of Takamitsu’s life and career (see below), Hagitani (1958, 419) suggests that it is most likely that this was a private event for Takamitsu’s intimate circle, held in late 960 or early 961.
Takamitsu was the eighth son of Fujiwara no Morosuke 藤原師輔 (909-960) and was appointed to the position of Minor Captain of the Inner Palace Guards, Right Division (Ukonoe shōshō 右近衛少将) in 960; he is also listed among the participants in the Dairi uta’awase – Tentoku yo-nen. In 961, however, he took orders under the name of Jokaku 如覚, settling in Tōnomine 多武峰 in what is now Nara prefecture the following year.[ii] The poems he exchanged here with his wife and sister formed the basis for Tōnomine shōshō monogatari 多武峯少将物語 (‘Tale of the Minor Captain in Tōnomine’), a short work thought to be produced a few years afterwards. Despite his limited poetic oeuvre, Fujiwara no Kintō regarded him sufficiently highly to include him as one of the Thirty-Six Poetic Immortals, although perhaps this is unsurprising as Takamitsu’s daughter was the mother of Kintō’s wife; he has a total of twenty-three poems in imperial anthologies, including four in Shūishū, under both his lay and religious names.[iii]
[ii]Eiga monogatari relates the events surrounding Takamitsu’s taking orders, remarking, ‘Someone is sure to mention Takamitsu whenever people speak of sad things’ (McCullough and McCullough 1980, 92)
[iii] The poems are: Rhododendron [sakunamusa]. 紫の色にはさくなむさしのの草のゆかりと人もこそ見れ murasaki no / iro ni wa saku na / musashino no / kusa no yukari to / hito mo koso mire ‘In violet hues / It must bloom not— / Lest on Musashi Plain / With the grasses a bond / Folk, too, imagine!’ Dharma Master Jogan (VII: 360); When gazing at the moon, around the time he got the idea to become a monk. かくばかりへがたく見ゆる世の中にうら山しくもすめる月かな kaku bakari / hegataku miyuru / yo no naka ni / urayamashiku mo / sumeru tsuki kana ‘When so very / Hard it seems to pass through / This mundane world / Indeed, I envy / The moon, dwelling there, so clear!’ Fujiwara no Takamitsu (VIII: 435); While he was residing at Mount Hiei, and someone asked him for some incense, he sent this, attached to a branch of plum from which the blossom had scattered. 春すぎてちりはてにける梅の花ただかばかりぞ枝にのこれる haru sugite / chirihatekeru / mume no hana / tada ka bakari zo / eda ni nokoreru ‘Spring is gone and / All scattered are / The plum blossoms: / Only their fragrance / Lingers on the branch!’ Dharma Master Jogan (XVI: 1063); and: Written down on a pieice of folded paper when the snow was falling, around when he was deciding to become a monk. 世の中にふるぞはかなき白雪のかつはきえぬる物としるしる yo no naka ni / furu zo hakanaki / shirayuki no / katsu wa kienu / mono to shirushiru ‘Through this mundane world / Fleetingly falling / The snow, so white, / Is swift to vanish— / That I know only too well…’ Fujiwara no Takamitsu (XX: 1332)
[ii] Kanemori’s poem here can be viewed as a response to the emotions expressed by Ono no Komachi in her famous composition: Topic unknown. 花の色はうつりにけりないたづらにわが身世にふるながめせしまに hana no iro wa / utsurinikeri na / itazura ni / wa ga mi yo ni furu / nagameseshi ma ni ‘The colour of this flower / Has already faded away, / While in idle thoughts / My life goes by, / As I watch the long rains fall.’ (Kokinshū II: 113) (Hagitani and Taniyama 1965, 81)
natsugoromo tachi’izuru kyō wa hanazakura katami no iro mo nugi ya kauran
Summer garb: Cut out from today, departing The blossom of the cherries’ Hues—a keepsake—, too, Will I put off and change?
Nakatsukasa
23
The Left’s poem gives the impression of the beginning of summer, but the Right’s ‘Sewn from today, departing’ suggests that it is the year that is doing so. In addition, it seems to use ‘put off and change’, and so sounds as if time has passed more swiftly than in the Left’s poem. Thus, because the poems’ quality is about the same, I make this a tie.
[1]Shuka 首夏. This Sinitic expression was also used to refer to the the Fourth Month.
