Tag Archives: kusa

Summer I: 9

Left.

夏草の野嶋が崎の朝霧を分てぞ來つる萩の葉の摺り

natsukusa no
nojima ga saki no
asagiri o
wakete zo kitsuru
hagi no ha no suri
Summer grass grows high
On Nojima Point;
Through the morning mists
Have I come forging,
Robes patterned with bush-clover leaves.

Kenshō.

197

Right (Win).

茂き野と夏もなりゆく深草の里はうづらの鳴かぬばかりぞ

shigekino to
natsu mo nariyuku
fukakusa no
sato wa uzura no
nakanu
bakari zo
Ever thicker grow the grasses and
With the summer’s passing, too,
At Fukakusa – deep within the greenery –
The quails
Let out not a cry – that’s all…

Ietaka.

198

The Right have no criticisms to make of the Left’s poem. The Left, however, say, ‘Using “summer’s passing, too” (natsu mo) appears to suggest a foundation upon something definite. What is it, however?’ The Right reply, ‘As the source poem is “A quail I shall become and cry” (udura to narite nakiworan), the impression given is of Autumn. Thus, “summer’s passing, too”.’

Shunzei judges, ‘The Left’s poem has as its final line, “Robes patterned with bush-clover leaves” (hagi no ha no suri), and before it, where one would expect to find the reason why the poet is forging across Nojima Point, is only “summer grass” (natsukusa no). This is repetitive. The Right’s poem, though, commencing with “ever thicker grasses” (shigeki no) is particularly fine in terms of configuration [sugata yoroshiki ni nitari]. Thus, it is the winner, this round.’

Summer I: 8

Left (Win).

誰か行く夏野の草の葉末よりほのかに見ゆる三嶋菅笠

tare ka yuku
natsuno no kusa no
hazue yori
honoka ni miyuru
mishima sugagasa
Who is that a’coming?
Above the summer plains’ grass
Tips
Distantly appears
A Mishima sedge-hat!

Lord Suetsune.

195

Right.

夏草にの飼ひの駒もかくろへていばゆる聲ぞ人に知らるゝ

natsukusa ni
no kai no koma mo
kakuroete
ibayuru koe zo
hito ni shiraruru
Among the summer grasses
The herded horses, too,
Are hidden;
Whinnying neighs
Are what let folk know!

The Provisional Master of the Empress’ Household Office.

196

Neither team has any comments to make about the other’s poem this round.

Shunzei remarks, ‘While the Left’s poem is certainly affecting, might it not be the case that simply “someone” (tare ka yuku) seen at a distance wearing a Mishima sedge-hat is insufficiently moving? However, the conception of the Right’s poem is not that surprising [kokoro wa mezurashikaranedo], and the expression [kotoba] “are hidden” (kakuroete) is certainly inappropriate [yoroshiki kotoba ni arazarubeshi]. “Sedge-hat” should win, should it not!’

Summer I: 7

Left (Win).

旅人や夏野の草を分けくらん菅の小笠の見え隱れする

tabibito ya
natsuno no kusa o
wakekuran
suge no ogasa no
miekakuresuru
Does a traveller
Through the grasses on the summer plains
Come forging?
A woven hat of sedge
Revealed and then concealed…

Lord Kanemune.

193

Right.

夏草の茂みを行ば何となく露分け衣袖ぞ濡れける

natsu kusa no
shigemi o yukeba
nani to naku
tsuyu wake koromo
sode zo nurekeru
Through the summer grass’
Lush growth a’going
Somehow
My robe’s dew breaking
Sleeves are drenched.

Lord Tsune’ie.

194

The Right have no criticisms to make of the Left’s poem, but the Left remark that, ‘the phrase “somehow” (nani to naku) is obscure and discordant.’

Shunzei comments, ‘While the style [fūtei] of the Left’s poem is somewhat lacking, it otherwise has no faults. The Right’s “robe’s dew breaking” (tsuyu wake koromo) is superb, but as a whole the expression in the poem is insufficient. The Left wins.’

Ise Monogatari, Chapter 12

Once, long ago there was a man. He abducted someone’s daughter and when they reached Musashi Plain, as he was plainly a kidnapper, he would have been seized by the provincial governor’s men. Leaving the woman in the grasses, he fled. The pursuers, saying to themselves that doubtless the abductor was hiding there, set the plain alight. The woman, panicked, cried out:

武蔵野は今日はな燒きそ若草のつまもこもれり我もこもれり

musasino Fa
keFu Fa na yaki so
wakakusa no
tuma mo komoreri
ware mo komoreri
O, Musashi Plain
Burn not this day!
Fresh grass,
My man is hidden there,
As, too, am I…

Hearing this, they found her and, together with the man who had been found elsewhere, took her back with them.

Spring II: 11

Left.

武蔵野に雉も妻やこもるらんけふの煙の下に鳴なり

musashino ni
kigisu mo tsuma mo ya
komoruran
kyō no kemuri no
shita ni nakunari
Upon Musashi Plain
Is the cock pheasant’s hen, also,
Concealed?
For today from beneath
The smoke come plaintive cries…

A Servant Girl.

81

Right (Win).

妻戀のきゞす鳴なり朝霞晴るればやがて草隱れつゝ

tsuma koi no
kigisu nakunari
asa kasumi
harureba yagate
kusagakuretsutsu
Longing for his hen
The pheasant calls;
When morning’s haze
Has cleared, how swiftly
He hides among the grass.

The Provisional Master of the Empress’ Household Office.

82

The Right comment that the Left’s poem resembles Minamoto no Yorimasa’s poem:

霞をや煙と見えん武蔵野に妻もこもれる雉鳴くなり

kasumi wo ya
kemuri to mien
musasino ni
tuma mo komoreru
kigisu nakunari
The haze
Does seem as smoke;
On Musashino Plain
With his hen hidden
A pheasant calls.

The Left snap back that as Yorimasa’s poem is not included in the imperial anthologies, they could not have seen it, and in any case, what sort of criticism is it to say that it ‘resembles Yorimasa’s poem?’ As for the Right’s poem, ‘do pheasants always hide in the grass come the morning?’

Shunzei comments that it is ‘a bit much’ to avoid Yorimasa’s poem altogether. Although he does then go on to say that ‘there’s no reason to strong arm in examples’ of poems not in the imperial anthologies. However, ‘what’s the point’ of associating ‘today’ (kyō) so strongly with ‘smoke’ (kemuri)? (It was supposed to be used only for particular days, such as the first day of spring.) In the Right’s poem ‘When morning’s haze/Has cleared, how swiftly’ (asa kasumi/harureba yagate) ‘has nothing needing criticism about it’, so the their poem is superior this round.

Spring I: 23

Left (Win).

をそくとくをのがさまざま咲く花も一つ二葉の春の若草

osoku toku
ono ga samazama
saku hana mo
hitotsu futaba no
haru no wakakusa
Slow, or distant,
Each has their own
Way to bloom, yet all the flowers
First put forth fresh leaves,
Fresh grasses in the springtime

Lord Sada’ie

45

Right.

いろいろの花咲くべしと見えぬかな草立ほどの野邊のけしきは

iroiro no
hana sakubeshi to
mienu kana
kusa tatsu hodo no
nobe no keshiki wa
In many colours
Will the flowers bloom –
The scene does not seem so,
When just the grass has sprouted
All across the plain…

Lord Tsune’ie

46

Both teams state that their poems are of the same order.

Shunzei remarks that both poems are in the spirit of the Kokinshū’s ‘In green/The grasses seem as one/When seen in springtime’, and neither has a substantial advantage over the other, except that the Right’s ‘when just the grass has sprouted’ might be an ‘undesirable expression’?

Spring I: 22

Left (Tie).

春日野の野邊の草葉やもえぬらんけさは雪間の淺緑なる

kasugano no
nobe no kusaba ya
moenuran
kesa wa yukima no
asamidori naru
On Kasuga Plain
Has the field grass
Begun to sprout?
This morning, the patches ‘tween the snow
Are palely green…

Lord Ari’ie

43

Right (Tie).

花をのみ待らん人に山里の雪間の草の春を見せばや

hana o nomi
matsuran hito ni
yamazato no
yukima no kusa no
haru o miseba ya
Blossoms, alone,
Awaiting – to those folk,
My mountain retreat,
With grasses growing ‘tween the snow,
In springtime would I show…

Ietaka

44

Neither team has any comments to make about the other’s poem.

Shunzei remarks tha the use of no in the Left’s poem is ‘repetitious’. The Right’s phrasing ‘My mountain retreat,/With grasses growing ‘tween the snow’ (yamazato no yukima no kusa) was ‘certainly unusual’, but the poem was ‘appealing’. However, the Left’s poem is successful in evoking Kasuga Plain, and hence it is ‘difficult to judge it lacking’. Thus, a tie is the fairest result.

Spring I: 21

Left.

名に立てる老蘇の杜の下草も年若しとや二葉なるらん

na ni tateru
oiso no mori no
shita kusa mo
toshi wakashi to ya
futaba naruran
By repute,
Ancient is the sacred grove of Oiso, yet
Here, too, the undergrowth,
Perhaps with the year’s youth,
Puts forth new leaves.

Lord Suetsune

41

Right (Win).

霜置きし去年の枯葉の殘るませにそれとも見えぬ春の若草

shimo okishi
kozo no kareha no
nokoru mase ni
sore tomo mienu
haru no waka kusa
Frost fell
Last year on the withered leaves
Remaining on this brushwood fence, yet
It does not seem so for
The fresh growth of spring.

Nobusada

42

The Right team have nothing to say about the Left’s poem in this round, while the Left merely wonder whether the fact that the Right’s poem has six syllables in its middle line means that it doesn’t scan correctly.

Shunzei comments testily that fashionably using expressions with contradictory connotations, such as the ‘ancient sacred grove’ and ‘year’s youth’ is ‘platitudinous’. The Right’s poem, however, is ‘without doubt, extremely affecting’. There are many cases where lines with six or seven syllables are used in place of a five syllable one in the centre of a poem – particularly when the final line is ‘independent’, although this has yet to be ‘well understood’. So, for appropriately using this, the right deserves the victory.

Spring I: 20

Left (Tie).

立わたる野邊の霞を煙にてもえ出にけるこれや若草

tachiwataru
nobe no kasumi o
keburi nite
moe’idenikeru
kore ya wakakusa
Spreading, everywhere,
Across the plain, the haze
Seems smoke:
Is the burning the buds
Of new-grown grass…

Lord Kanemune

39

Right (Tie).

もえ出づる野邊の春草末わかみ空とゝもにぞ淺緑なる

moeizuru
nobe no haru kusa
sue wakami
sora to tomo ni zo
asamidori naru
Shooting up
Across the plain, the grass’
Tips are so young
That, with the skies,
They celadon seem…

The Provisional Master of the Empress’ Household Office.

40

Both teams say there is ‘nothing remarkable’ about the other’s poem, while Shunzei says simply the purport of both is ‘generally appropriate’ and that it would be ‘difficult to determine’ a winner.